Posted by : Vanya Smythe in comparing battery types, Lead-Acid Batteries, Lithium Batteries, Lithium Iron Phosphate (LiFePo4), Nickel Cadmium (NiCd), VRLA 9 years, 3 months ago
LiFePO4 and other industrial battery types compared
| Chemistry | Nominal Voltage | Energy Density (Wh/kg) |
Operating |
Cycle Life | Safety | Environ-mental |
Cost based on |
| LiFePO4 | 3.2 | >120 | 0 ~ 60 | >20001 | Safe | Good | 0.15 ~ 0.25 (lower than VRLA) |
| VRLA | 2.0 | >35 | -20 ~ 40 | >200 | Safe | Not good | 1 |
| NiCd | 1.2 | >40 | -20 ~ 50 | >1000 | Safe | Bad | 0.7 |
| NiMH | 1.2 | >80 | -20 ~ 50 | >500 | Safe | Good | 1.2 ~ 1.4 |
| LiMnxNiyCozO2 | 3.7 | >160 | -20 ~ 40 | >500 | Better than LiCo | Ok | 1.5 ~ 2.0 |
| LiCo2 | 3.7 | >200 | -20 ~ 60 | >500 | Unsafe | Ok | 1.5 ~ 2.0 |
| VRLA life halves per 5oC rise above 25 oC |
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Lithium iron phosphate batteries possess superior thermal and chemical stability which provides better safety characteristics than those of lithium-ion technology made with other cathode materials. Lithium phosphate cells are incombustible in the event of mishandling during charge or discharge, they are more stable under overcharge or short circuit conditions and they can withstand high temperatures without decomposing. When abuse does occur, the phosphate based cathode material will not burn and is not prone to thermal runaway. Phosphate chemistry also offers a longer cycle life.
Table comparing typical voltages for VRLA, NiCd, LiFePO4 cells. (Open PDF)
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